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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Hildagard Swanzy by Hildagard Swanzy
July 26, 2020
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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
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Know the basics on causes, symptoms and treatment

Overview

ADHD is a mental health disorder that causes above-normal levels of hyperactive and impulsive behaviors. It often begins in childhood and can persist into adulthood.

People with ADHD have trouble focusing their attention on a single task or sitting still for long periods of time. ADHD also contribute to low self-esteem, troubled relationships and difficulty at school.

Causes of ADHD

The cause of ADHD is not known. However, there are several things that may lead to it including;

  • heredity. ADHD tends to run in families
  • Chemical imbalance. Brain chemicals in people with ADHD may be out of balance
  • Poor nutrition, infection, smoking and substance abuse during pregnancy. These things affect a baby’s brain development
  • Toxins such as lead
  • A brain injury or brain disorder
Symptoms of ADHD

A wide range of behaviors are associated with ADHD. Some of the more common ones are :

  • being forgetful about completing tasks
  • Often loses things
  • Being easily distracted
  • Having trouble focusing
  • Having difficulty sitting still
  • Interrupting people while they are talking
  • Tends to day dream

NOTE : these symptoms are often seen in children with ADHD.

ADHD concept. Baby is playing with cubes with letters.
Symptoms in adult

Symptoms of ADHD may change as a person gets older. They include :

  • anxiety
  • Low self esteem
  • Chronic lateness and forgetfulness
  • Trouble controlling anger
  • Substance abuse
  • Impulsiveness
  • Procrastination
  • Easily frustrated
  • Unorganized
  • Mood swings
  • Depression
  • Relationship problems
ADHD treatment

Many symptoms of ADHD can be managed with medication and therapy.

Medication: Medications called  stimulants can help control hyperactive and impulsive behavior and increase attention span. They include:

* Amphetamine (Adzenys XR ODT, Dyanavel)

* Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin)

* Dextroamphetamine (Adderall, Dexedrine)

* Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse)

* Methylphenidate (Aptensio, Cotempla, Concerta, Daytrana, Jornay, PM, Metadate, Methylin

Therapy: These treatments focus on changing behavior.
  • Special education : special education   helps a child learn at school. Having structure and a routine can help children with ADHD a lot.
  • Behavior modification : this teaches ways to replace bad behaviors with good ones.
  • Psychotherapy (counseling) : psychotherapy can help someone with ADHD learn better ways to handle their emotions and frustration. It can also help improve their self-esteem. Counseling may also help family members better understand the child or adult with ADHD.
  • Social skills training : social skills training can teach behaviors, such as taking turns and sharing.

READ MORE ON ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER 

https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/index.html

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/adhd/symptoms-causes/syc-20350889

 

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Hildagard Swanzy

Hildagard Swanzy

Medianurse is an internet platform with the mission to educate individuals about their healthcare. It has been observed with great worry that many individuals have little or no clue about the various diseases circulating, and some individuals are also clueless about the activities that could bring such diseases if indulged in. Medianurse has the vision for every individual to be particularly concerned about their health and how to ensure that they are able to take measures to give them the maximum health and disease-free life.

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