A rash is a patch of red, inflamed skin that may be itchy, painful or swollen. It can be local to just one small part of the body, or it can spread over a large area.
Rashes come in many forms. They can be dry, moist, bumpy, smooth, cracked or blistered.
It affect millions of people across the world. They are common in children and can be the result of many things, such as; allergies, infections or irritants.
Most rashes are easily treated and clear up quickly. Others might be a sign of something more serious.
Causes
There are a number of potential causes of rashes, including allergies, diseases, reactions and medications. They can also be caused by;
- bacterial
- Fungal
- Viral or parasitic infections
Types of rashes in children
- Contact dermatitis – this rash causes itching, redness and occasionally, small bumps. It happens when a child comes in contact with irritants such as;
- chemicals
- Dyes in clothes
- Poisonous plants
Contact dermatitis usually goes away on it own after a week.
2. Diaper rash – a bright red skin on a baby’s bottom is most likely a diaper rash. It happens as a result of prolonged contact with urine or feces. Diaper rash is easily treated by using creams or ointment when changing the baby. If the rash does not get any better or starts to blister, it’s advisable to seek medical attention.
3. Prickly heat ( heat rash) – an itchy rash of small, raised red spots that causes a stinging or prickly sensation on the skin. It occurs when the sweat ducts in the outer layer of the skin (epidermis) are obstructed. Heat rash mostly affect the face, neck, back, chest or thighs. Children get heat rash if they sweat more than usual.
4. Eczema (atopic dermatitis) – this is one of most common skin conditions. Eczema causes scaly, itchy rashes. It appears in infants between the ages of 6 and 12weeks. This condition is most common in children with asthma and allergies. Treatment requires topical corticosteroids.
5. Impetigo – Impetigo is a highly contagious common childhood rash. It is an infection caused by streptococcus or staphylococcus bacteria in the top layers of the skin. It can be the result of insect or animal bites. It appears as red sores that eventually turn into blisters, which ooze, the crust over. Impetigo disappears slowly by keeping the skin clean and using antibiotics.
6. Seborrheic dermatitis – this type of rash appears as patches of redness and sealing around the face, including the eyelids, nose, mouth and behind the ears. If it appears on an infant’s scalp, it is termed as cradle cap. In older children, it is dandruff. It appears where the skin is oily and greasy.
Rash treatment
Depending on the cause of the child’s rash , treatments include ;
- medicated lotions
- Ointment
- Oral medicines
- Skin surgery
When to seek medical attention?
Most rashes are not serious and go on their own. One should consult a doctor if the child has any of the following additional symptoms:
- fever
- Sore throat
- Streaks of redness or swelling
- If the rash appears after taking a medication
- If the rash appears following a tick bite
- When treatment at home is ineffective
Childhood rashes are common. They usually should not be a cause for concern. Majority of these rashes are harmless and may disappear without treatment.
However, if your ward has a rash, and seems unwell, it is then necessary to seek professional medical advice.
Thank you for this. Will definitely apply this. Keep it up Medianurse